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J
- Jum
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- j. & w.o. - Jettison and washing overboard
- J.C.C. - Joint Cargo Committee
- J.C.R.A. - Joint Common Risks Agreement
- J.H.C. - Joint Hull Committee
- J.H.F. - Joint Hull Formula
- J.H.I.U. - Japanses Hull Insurers' Union
- J.H.U. - Joint Hull Understandings
- J/A - Joint Account
- Japan Corporate Program - The Japan Corporate Program was initiated
(by the U.S. Department of Commerce) to help increase U.S. exports
to Japan. The program was initiated in January 1991, following
selection of 20 companies to participate in a five-year pilot
project to improve U.S. knowledge of, and access to, the Japanese
market. As part of the five-year commitment to the program, the
companies arrange four visits a year to Japan, including two by
their chief executives; publish their product literature in Japanese;
participate in at least one trade promotion event in Japan each
year; and modify products to enhance consumer acceptance and promote
sales in Japan. Commerce supports the 20 firms with market data,
arranges introductory meetings with prospective Japanese buyers,
and recommends market development strategies.
- Japan Development Bank - The Japan Development Bank was founded
in 1951 to aid in developing and diversifying the Japanese economy.
The JDB is a non-profit organization owned entirely by the Japanese
Government. U.S. companies may participate in JDB funding activity
under the Bank's Loan Division in the International Department.
The International Department disburses loans to foreign companies
under two primary loan programs: Promotion of Foreign Direct Investment
in Japan and Facilities for Import Products. The other loan programs
of JDB are also available to foreign-owned companies under the
principle of equal treatment of clients regardless of nationality.
- Japan Export Information Center - The Japan Export Information
Center (JEIC) provides information on doing business in Japan,
market entry alternatives, market information and research, product
standards and testing requirements, tariffs and non-tariff barriers.
The Center maintains a commercial library and participates in
private- and government-sponsored seminars on doing business in
Japan. JEIC is operated by the International Trade Administration
of the Department of Commerce.
- Japan External Trade Organization - Although legally under
the aegis of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry
(MITI), JETRO administers the export programs of the Japanese
Government independently. MITI subsidizes about 60 percent of
JETRO's total annual expenditures and, technically, has final
decision-making authority over JETRO management and programs.
Originally established to help Japanese firms export, JETRO also
assists American companies seeking to export to Japan and promotes
Japanese direct investment in the United States and U.S. direct
investment in Japan.
- Japan International Cooperation Agency - JICA administers the
bilateral grant portion of Japan's Official Development Assistance
(ODA). JICA covers both: (a) grant aid cooperation (offered without
the obligation of repayment) and (b) technical cooperation (offering
trainees, experts, equipment, project-type technical cooperation,
and development studies). The Agency was established in August
1974; headquarters are in Tokyo, Japan. See: Export-Import Bank
of Japan Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund.
- JCIT - Joint Committee for Investment and Trade
- JDB - Japan Development Bank
- JEIC - Japan Export Information Center
- JETRO - Japan External Trade Organization
- JETRO - Japan External Trade Organization
- jetsam - Cargo thrown overboard in order to lighten a ship,
and washed ashore.
- Jett. - Jettison
- jettison - The throwing overboard of cargo to lighten a ship
in order to save the ship and its contents.
- jetty - A structure projecting out to sea, designed to protect
a port from waves but also used to berth ships.
- JEXIM - The Export-Import Bank of Japan
- jib - Arm of a crane which extends outwards. At one end hangs
the hook used for lifting goods.
- JICA - Japan International Cooperation Agency
- JIS - Japanses industrial standards
- Joint Committee for Investment and Trade - The JCIT, was established
in October 1990 to demonstrate U.S. and Mexican commitment to
greater economic cooperation. The Committee identifies trade and
investment opportunities and coordinates trade promotion events.
- Joint Publication Research Service - See: Foreign Broadcast
Information Service.
- Joint Venture - A business undertaking in which more than one
firm share ownership and control of production and/or marketing.
- JPRS - Joint Publication Research Service
- jumboising - Conversion of a ship to increase its cargo area
capacity by dividing the ship and adding a new section.
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