WBE
Menu
|
|
|
|
G -Gy
|
|
- Gambia River Basin Development Organization - The Organization
(French: Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Gambie,
OMVG) promotes the construction of dams for hydroelectric and
irrigation purposes. The organization was established in June
1978; headquarters are in Dakar, Senegal. Members include: the
Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, and Senegal.
- G-10 - Group of Ten
- G-24 - Group of Twenty-Four
- G-5 - Group of Five
- G-7 - Group of Seven
- G-7 - Group of seven: the finance ministers and central bankers
of seven leading industrial nations
- G-77 - Group of Seventy-Seven
- G-COCOM - General License - COCOM
- G-DEST - General License - Destination
- G-NNR - General License - Non-Naval Reserve
- G-TEMP - General License - Temporary Export
- G.A. - General Average
- G.A.D.V. - Gross arrived damaged value
- G.A.F.T.A. - Grain & Feed Trade Assoc
- G.A.S.V. - Gross arrived sound value
- G.A.T.T. - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- G.F. - Government Form (chartering)
- g.f.a. - Good fair average
- G.L. - Germanischer Lloyd
- g.m.b. - Good merchantable brand
- g.m.q. - Good merchantable quality
- G.M.T. - Greenwich Mean Time
- G.N.E.P.I. - Gross net earned premium income
- g.o.b. - Good ordinary brand
- G.O.P. - Gross original premium
- g.r.t. - Gross register tons
- G.S. - Good safety
- g.s.m. - Good sound merchantable
- G/A - General average
- G/A con. - General average contribution
- G/A dep. - General average deposit
- GAB - General Arrangements to Borrow
- Gateway - In the context of travel activities, gateway refers
to a major airport or seaport. Internationally, gateway can also
mean the port where customs clearance takes place.
- GATT - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
- GATT - General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
- GATT Panel - A panel of neutral representatives that may be
established by the GATT Secretariat under the dispute settlement
provisions of the GATT to review the facts of a dispute and render
findings of GATT law and recommend action.
- GCC - Gulf Cooperation Council
- GDP - Gross Domestic Product
- GDP - Gross domestic product
- GEF - Global Environmental Facility
- GEM - Global Export Manager
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade - The GATT is a binding
contract among over 100 governments. GATT was established in 1947
as an interim measure pending the establishment of the International
Trade Organization, under the Havana Charter. The International
Trade Organization (ITO) was never ratified by Congress. Operating
in the absence of an explicit international organization, GATT
has provided the legal framework for international trade with
its primary mission being the reduction of trade barriers. Headquarters
offices are in Geneva, Switzerland. See: Rounds Standards.
- General Arrangements to Borrow - The GAB, established in 1962
and amended several times, is an agreement under which the International
Monetary Fund may borrow monies from major industrial nations
(Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands,
the United Kingdom, the United States, Sweden, and Switzerland).
The GAB were originally designed to enable the participants to
strengthen the Fund by lending to it specified amounts of their
currencies. These loans would be made when supplementary resources
were needed to help finance purchases by GAB participants in circumstances
where such financing would forestall or cope with an impairment
of the international monetary system. The GAB were amended to
include an associated agreement with Saudi Arabia and to permit
the Fund to use the arrangements to finance transactions with
nonparticipants under certain conditions on purchases involving
upper credit tranche conditionality
- General Exception - CoCom controls exports at three levels,
depending on the item and the proposed destination. At the highest
or "general exception" level, unanimous approval by
CoCom members is necessary.
- General Imports - "General Imports" measure the total
physical arrivals of merchandise from foreign countries, whether
such merchandise enters consumption channels immediately or is
entered into bonded warehouses or Foreign Trade Zones under Customs
custody.
- General License - These are licenses, authorized by the Bureau
of Export Administration, that permit the export of goods and
technology to specified countries without the need for a validated
license. No prior written authorization is required and no individual
validated license is issued. There are over twenty different types
of general licenses, each represented by a symbol. The reason
so many general licenses exist is to accommodate the various exporting
situations that the Bureau of Export Administration has determined
should not require an Individual Validated License. These licenses
include:- General License BAGGAGE; - General License CREW - General
License GATS; - General License GCG; - General License GCT; -
General License G-DEST; - General License GFW; - General License
GIFT; - General License GIT; - General License GLOG; - General
License GLR; - General License GLV; - General License G-NGO; -
General License G-NNR - General License GTDA; - General License
GTDR; - General License G-TEMP; - General License GTF-U.S.; -
General License GUS; - General License GVN; - General License
PLANE STORES; - General License RCS; - General License SAFEGUARDS;
and - General License SHIP STORES.
- General License CREW - With limitations, General License CREW
authorizes a member of the crew on an exporting carrier to export
personal and household items among his/her effects.
- General License-BAGGAGE - With limitations, General License
BAGGAGE authorizes individuals leaving the United States for any
destination to take with them as personal baggage the following
items: personal effects, household effects (including personal
computers), vehicles, and tools of the trade (including highly
technical ones), provided that certain conditions concerning these
items are complied with by the exporter.
- General License-G-DEST - With limitations, General License
shipments of commodities to destinations not requiring a validated
license. The majority of all items exported fall under the provisions
of General License G-DEST.
- General License-G-NGO - With limitations, General License G-NGO
authorizes non-governmental, non-profit organizations to export
donated items necessary to carry out small-scale humanitarian
projects in Vietnam.
- General License-G-TEMP - Subject to conditions and exceptions,
General License G-TEMP authorizes the temporary export of commodities
and software for temporary use abroad for a period generally not
to exceed 12 months.
- General License-GATS - With limitations, General License GATS
(Aircraft on Temporary Sojourn) authorizes the departure from
the United States of foreign registry civil aircraft on temporary
sojourn in the United States and of U.S. civil aircraft for temporary
sojourn abroad.
- General License-GCG - With limitations, General License GCG
(Shipments to Agencies of Cooperating Governments) authorizes
the export of commodities for official use of any agency of a
cooperating government within the territory of the cooperating
government.
- General License-GCT - With limitations, General License GCT
authorizes exports to eligible countries of all "A"
level commodities, except those specifically excluded in certain
Export Control Commodity Numbers (ECCNs) on the Commodity Control
List, to CoCom and CoCom participating countries. Exports may
be made under GCT only when intended for use or consumption within
the importing country, reexport among and consumption within eligible
countries, or reexport in accordance with other provisions of
the Export Administration Regulations.
- General License-GFW - With limitations, General License GFW
authorizes exports to most free-world destinations of certain
commodities subject to national security controls. In most cases,
these commodities have performance characteristics that permit
the United States to approve exports to controlled countries with
only notification to other CoCom governments.
- General License-GIFT - Subject to various provisions and limitations,
General License GIFT authorizes the export of gift parcels by
an individual in the United States.
- General License-GIT - With limitations, General License GIT
(intransit shipments) authorizes the export from the United States
of commodities that originate in one foreign country and are destined
to another foreign country.
- General License-GLOG - With limitations, General License GLOG
authorizes the export of unprocessed western red cedar timber
harvested from Federal, State and other public lands in Alaska,
all private lands, and land held in trust for recognized Indian
tribes by Federal or State agencies.
- General License-GLR - Subject to various provisions, General
License GLR authorizes the return or repair of commodities and
the replacement of parts.
- General License-GLV - With limitations, General License GLV
authorizes a "single shipment" of a commodity when the
shipment does not exceed the value limit specified in the GLV
paragraph of the ECCN.
- General License-GTDA - General License GTDA authorizes exports
to all destinations of technical data that are in the public domain
and generally available.
- General License-GTDR - When exporting technical data to free
world destinations and the information does not qualify under
GTDA and an IVL is not required, an exporter may use GTDR. Certain
GTDR shipments must be accompanied by a written assurance from
the foreign consignee stating that neither the technical data
nor the direct product thereof will be shipped to Country Groups
Q, S, W, Y, Z, or the People's Republic of China. Lower level
technology may be shipped without written assurance; this is generally
referred to as "GTDU".
- General License-GTF-U.S. - With limitations, General License
GTF-U.S. authorizes the export of commodities that were: (1) imported
into the United States for display at an exhibition or trade fair;
and (2) either entered under bond or permitted temporary free
importation under bond providing for their export and are being
exported in accordance with the terms of such bond.
- General License-GUS - With limitations, General License GUS
authorizes the export to any destination of commodities and software
for personal or official use of personnel and agencies of the
U.S. Government.
- General License-GVN - General License GVN allows exports to
Vietnam of low-level items to be used by the exporter to open
offices or do feasibility studies in connection with contracts
to be executed after lifting of the embargo. The exporter must
have obtained a license form the Treasury Department for the activities.
- General License-Plane Stores - With limitations, General License-Plane
Stores authorizes the export on aircraft of U.S. or foreign registry
departing from the United States of usual and reasonable kinds
and quantities of commodities necessary to support the operation
of an aircraft, provided the commodities are not intended for
unlading in a foreign country and are not exported under a bill
of lading as cargo.
- General License-Safeguards - With limitations, General License-Safeguards
authorizes exports to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).
- General License-Ship Stores - With limitations, General License-Ship
Stores authorizes the export of usual and reasonable kinds and
quantities of the commodities to support the operations of a vessel,
provided the commodities are not intended for unlading in a foreign
country and are not exported under a bill of lading as cargo.
- General Sales Manager - Under two programs -- GSM-102 and GSM-103
-- the Agriculture Department's Commodity Credit Corporation provides
guarantees for the repayment of commercial credit extended to
finance U.S. agricultural export sales. The programs differ principally
in the length of their terms of coverage. The GSM-102 program
(for General Sales Manager) provides coverage for terms extending
from six months to three years. Guarantees are extended to U.S.
banks confirming foreign letters of credit issued to assist foreign
importers who wish to buy U.S. exports and to help primarily developing
countries which may face difficulties in obtaining a loan. The
GSM-103 program provides coverage for terms extending from 48
months to ten years. Guarantees are extended foreign importers
who wish to buy U.S. exports and to help primarily developing
countries which may face difficulties in obtaining a loan.
- General Tariff - A tariff that applies to countries that do
not enjoy either preferential or most-favored-nation tariff treatment.
Where the general tariff rate differs from the most-favored-nation
rate, the general tariff rate is usually the higher rate.
- Generalized System of Preferences - The Generalized System
of Preferences, GSP, is a framework under which developed countries
give preferential tariff treatment to manufactured goods imported
from certain developing countries. GSP is one element of a coordinated
effort by the industrial trading nations to bring developing countries
more fully into the international trading system. The U.S. GSP
scheme is a system of nonreciprocal tariff preferences for the
benefit of these countries. The U.S. conducts annual GSP reviews
to consider petitions requesting modification of product coverage
and/or country eligibility. United States GSP law requires that
a beneficiary country's laws and practices relating to market
access, intellectual property rights protection, investment, export
practices, and workers rights be considered in all GSP decisions.
- Gesellschaft mit beschrunker Haftung - The GmbH (German, meaning:
"limited liability company") is a corporation with separate
legal personality. Its shareholders participate in the original
share capital with their initial contributions but are not liable
to the company's creditors. One person alone can form a limited
liability company but legal entities may also be shareholders.
The firm name of a limited liability company must either be derived
from the purpose of its business or -- as in the case of limited
partnerships -- from the name of the shareholder or a combination
of both. It must always state "with limited liability"
(mbH).
- GFW - General License - Free World
- GIE - Groupement d'Intert Economique
- GL - General License
- Global Environmental Facility - The GEF is aimed at four global
problems: climate change, pollution of international waters, destruction
of biodiversity, and depletion of stratospheric ozone. The Facility
was started in 1990 as a pilot project to help developing countries
protect the environment and to transfer environmentally benign
technology to these nations. The program is jointly administered
by the World Bank, the U.N. Environment Program, and the U.N.
Development Program.
- Global Export Manager - The Global Export Manager, GEM, is
an electronic system for collecting and disseminating trade leads
and business opportunities. GEM is maintained by the National
Association of State Development Agencies (NASDA).
- Global Quota - A global quota is a quota on the total imports
of a product from all countries.
- GLR - General License - Return (Replacement)
- GLV - General License - Shipments of Limited Value
- GmbH - Gesellschaft mit beschrnker Haftung
- GNP - Gross National Product
- GNP - gross national product
- Gold Key Service - The Gold Key Service is an International
Trade Administration service that provides customized information
for U.S. firms visiting a country -- market orientation briefings,
market research, introductions to potential business partners,
an interpreter for meetings, assistance in developing a market
strategy, and help in putting together a follow-up plan. Trade
Specialists design an agenda of meetings, screen and select the
right companies, arrange meetings with key people, and go with
U.S. representatives to ensure that no unforeseen difficulties
occur.
- Government Procurement Policies and Practices - The term refers
to a nontariff barrier to trade involving the discriminatory purchase
by official government agencies of goods and services from domestic
suppliers, despite their higher prices or inferior quality as
compared with competitive goods that could be imported.
- gr. - Grain, Gross
- Gr.t. - Gross ton
- Grandfather Clause - The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT) provision that allows the original contracting parties
to exempt from general GATT obligations mandatory domestic legislation
which is inconsistent with GATT provisions, but which existed
before the GATT was signed. Newer members may also "grandfather"
domestic legislation if that is agreed to in negotiating the terms
of accession. (U.S. legislation also provides for "grandfather
clauses.")
- Gray Market Imports - This term refers to imports bearing a
genuine trademark but imported by a party other than the trademark
holder or authorized importer.
- Gross Domestic Product - A measure of the market value of all
goods and services produced within the boundaries of a nation,
regardless of asset ownership. Unlike gross national product,
GDP excludes receipts from that nation's business operations in
foreign countries, as well as the share of reinvested earnings
in foreign affiliates of domestic corporations.
- Gross National Product - A measure of the market value of goods
and services produced by the labor and property of a nation. Includes
receipts from that nation's business operation in foreign countries,
as well as the share of reinvested earnings in foreign affiliates
of domestic corporations.
- Gross Weight - The full weight of a shipment, including goods
and packaging. Compare Tare Weight.
- Group of Eleven - The G-11 (also known as the Cartagena Group)
was established in 1984 and comprises the largest debtor nations
in Latin America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
- Group of Fifteen - The G-15, established in 1990, consists
of relatively prosperous or large developing countries. The G-15
discusses the benefits of mutual cooperation in improving their
international economic positions. Members include: Algeria, Argentina,
Brazil, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia (a very active
member), Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela, Yugoslavia,
and Zimbabwe.
- Group of Five - Similar to the Group of Seven (G-7), with the
exception of Canada and Italy.
- Group of Seven - This term refers to seven major economic powers
(Canada. France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, and the
United States) whose finance ministers seek to promote balanced
economic growth and stability among exchange rates.
- Group of Seventy-Seven - A grouping of developing countries
which received its name in connection with 77 countries issuing
a joint statement in Geneva, Switzerland in 1964. The G-77's primary
focus is serving as a caucus for articulating members' collective
interests primarily in areas of promoting economic cooperation
among developing countries and in negotiations on economic matters
with developing countries. G-77 membership has increased since
1964 to over 125 countries.
- Group of Ten - Under the International Monetary Fund's General
Agreements to Borrow (GAB), established in 1962, 10 of the wealthiest
industrial members of the IMF "stand ready to lend their
currencies to the IMF up to specified amounts when supplementary
resources are needed." The finance ministers of these countries
comprise the Group of 10 (also called the Paris Club). Members
include: Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands,
Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Though numbering 11 with the addition of Switzerland in 1984,
the numerical name persists.
- Group of Twenty-four - A grouping of finance ministers from
24 developing country members of the International Monetary Fund.
The Group, representing eight countries from each of the African,
Asian, and Latin American country groupings in the Group of 77,
was formed in January 1972 to counterbalance the influence of
the Group of 10.
- Groupement d'Intrat Economique - Groupement d'interat economique
(French: "economic interest grouping") is a joint venture
which has features of both a partnership and a corporation. The
GIE is used by enterprises that wish to set up a joint activity
on a trial basis or to cooperate, but not to merge. The GIE must
be an extension of some activity of its members, frequently marketing,
research, and management. Airbus Industrie is an example of a
GIE.
- grt - Gross registered tons
- GSM - General Sales Manager
- GSP - Generalized System of Preferences
- GSP - generalized system of preferences
- GTDA - General License - Technical Data Publicly Available
- GTDR - General License - Technical Data Restricted by Written,
Assurance
- GTDU - General License - Technical Data Restricted without,
Written Assurance
- GTZ - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit
- guar. - Guaranteed
- Gulf Cooperation Council - The GCC, established in May 1981,
seeks to strengthen cooperation (in areas such as agriculture,
industry, investment, security, and trade) among its six members:
Bahrain, Kuwait, Quatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab
Emirates. The GCC, created in response to the outbreach of the
Iran-Iraq war, established the Gulf Standards Organization in
November 1982 and the Gulf Investment Corporation in 1984. The
presidency of the GCC rotates yearly among members. Council headquarters
are in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Gy.C. - Gyro Compass
|
|
|